Karen Gaynor
Programme Manager, HSE Obesity National Clinical Programme
Obesity is often misunderstood to be about body size, but in reality, it is a chronic disease that can affect health in many ways.
From increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers to impacting mental wellbeing, obesity can affect quality of life in various ways.
In Ireland, almost 60% of adults have excess weight, although not everyone with excess weight is unhealthy. Obesity develops when excess weight begins to affect health — for example, through breathing problems, joint pain, high blood pressure or low mood.
How does obesity develop?
The main drivers are genetics and the world around us. Some people are biologically more likely to gain weight. Meanwhile, easy access to cheap, high-calorie foods and fewer chances for physical activity make it harder to stay healthy.
Social circumstances also play a big role. Many people in Ireland today live in areas that have barriers to accessing healthy food and safe spaces for exercise. These are structural challenges, not personal failings. No one should be blamed for developing obesity — instead, government and society must reduce these barriers and provide fairer access to support.
There is no single ‘fix,’ but there
are everyday steps that support
health and wellbeing.
Tackling obesity stigma
Despite the evidence, many people with excess weight still face stigma and blame. This can stop them from asking for help or receiving the right care. Obesity should be treated just like diabetes or heart disease — with compassion, understanding and proper access to treatment.
Prevention and self-management
There is no single ‘fix,’ but there are everyday steps that support health and wellbeing:
- Eat well: enjoy a mix of foods, guided by the healthy eating guidelines and the food pyramid.
- Be active: choose activities you enjoy, from walking to dancing or sports.
- Look after sleep and stress: both strongly influence health and wellbeing.
- Check in with your GP: regular reviews help identify issues early.
For people already living with obesity, these steps protect health, but lifestyle alone is not always enough. Treatments such as support from healthcare professionals, medication or surgery can be just as important as those for other long-term illnesses like diabetes and heart disease.
Getting support
Talk to your GP or other healthcare professional if you are concerned. Trusted resources are also available from the HSE website.
